Host Networking

Explains how modern servers move packets through NIC silicon, PCIe, DMA, descriptor rings, and kernel data paths.

Explores five packet paths from kernel to VM guest via virtio, vhost-net, vhost-user, SR-IOV, and vDPA mechanisms.

Explores pod network isolation through namespaces, veth pairs, bridges, and netfilter rules, covering iptables scaling limits and cross-node packet paths.

Explores eBPF-based CNI design, identity-based policy, and the convergence of service mesh with container networking.